ABSTRACT
Management of innovation is a good deal easier in a monolithic state than it is in a democracy. In the eastern European countries decisions taken at the highest level can be implemented with a minimum of delay and with little or no dissent, a case of when-Father-turns-we-all-turn. As the Preamble to the 1961 Education Act of the Hungarian People's Republic explains the following. The development of the education system must be determined by the needs of a socialist society. The system must be uniform both in its organization and its aims. The responsibility for providing and maintaining the educational services belongs exclusively to the state. For the great majority, the elementary school offered a utility-type terminal course which catered for children destined for artisan and agricultural occupations, and which scarcely ranked even as a second best. All schools, regardless of the types to which they belong, must prepare their pupils for active, productive work.
