ABSTRACT
Speakers for the Reformist view, that is the wen-hsueh and the hsien-lang, are sometimes referred to as the critics, and the other spokesmen, who were defending Modernist policies, as the Government. The spokesman for the Government referred to profit as a motive for mounting foreign ventures, and believed that there was a two-fold advantage in sponsoring a programme of imports and exports. In defence of state monopolies both conscript and convict, as a regular arrangement backed by a full supply of materials and equipment. There was a reduction in the use of the labour corps, with the result that the Government could put its convicts and amnestied convicts to work on upkeep and repair of roads and bridges, and this had worked to the advantage of the public. The government spokesman protested that the critic's views were merely theoretical and had no practical application; the critic replied that it was precisely theory that was needed.
