ABSTRACT
Chapter 3 unpacks the nature, experiences, and consequences of education in exile on the African continent during decolonization. In the early 1960s, FRELIMO established its headquarters in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and established the Mozambique Institute, a secondary school for student refugees, with Janet Mondlane as Director. Using a range of archival materials, this chapter considers how the Institute came into being, the type of education refugees encountered, student life at the Institute, the scholarships students received, and how the pursuit of university education abroad impacted Mozambican liberation politics. It demonstrates that the pursuit of education was divisive: students often received scholarships to study at universities in Europe, North America, or the Eastern bloc but FRELIMO leaders soon wondered what role intellectuals would fill in the independence struggle. This chapter argues that education during liberation required multiple phases of exile, but that the pursuit of such education fostered division within the liberation movement by fomenting tensions between Mozambican students and liberation leaders.
