ABSTRACT
Melanie Klein describes early envy as one such factor, operating from birth and materially affecting the infant’s earliest experiences. Envy, of course, has long been recognized in psycho-analytical theory and practice as a most important emotion. Powerful unconscious envy often lies at the root of negative therapeutic reactions and interminable treatments; one can observe this in patients who have a long history of failed previous treatments. Since strong envy in relationship to the primary object gives rise to such acute pain and hopelessness, powerful defences are mobilized against it. Penis-envy was paramount in her analysis and linked with triangular rivalries; she competed with her father and her older brother for her mother’s love. In more normal development, envy becomes more integrated. The gratification experienced at the breast stimulates admiration, love and gratitude at the same time as envy.
