ABSTRACT
In general, in warfare what is termed "utterances" refers to making some specious statement. For example, if you speak about attacking the east but 216instead strike the west, if you target those but attack these, you cause the enemy's forces not to know where to prepare their defenses. Therefore, the location you attack will inevitably be undefended. A tactical principle from the Art of War states: "When someone excels at attacking, the enemy does not know where to mount his defense."
