ABSTRACT
Most epistemologists call the resulting philosophical challenge the Gettier problem, posed by what have come to be called Gettier cases. There have been many suggestions as to how to resolve Gettier cases, and discuss several of them. Doing so is important because trying to understand what goes wrong in Gettier cases should help students to understand what knowledge is. It is a way that epistemologists call being Gettiered. In 1963 an American philosopher, Edmund Gettier, presented a new puzzle, one that apparently questioned JTB. Most epistemologists call the resulting philosophical challenge the Gettier problem, posed by what have come to be called Gettier cases. The standard epistemological interpretation is that they are counterexamples to JTB. That is, they apparently undermine, or refute, the hypothesis that knowledge equals justified-true-belief. Knowledge becomes something lying beyond all reasonable endeavor.
