ABSTRACT
Male and female primates have very different reproductive strategies, and some of the differences are brought up in discussions of the evolution of human society and gender patterns. However kinship recognition occurs, many primates appear not only able to recognize some of their kin but to develop strong emotional attachments to them. Primates not only recognize certain of their kin, but in many cases kinship forms the backbone of the groups' social structure. In primates, variations in male dominance normally correlate with sexual dimorphism, or the external physical differences between males and females. As people have seen among the chimpanzees of Gombe, the intergroup encounter may become violent and lethal. Within anthropology there was for a long time some confusion on the relation of the incest taboo to exogamy. Male primates were previously thought to be more aggressive than females, but this assumption has been questioned, at least as far as frequency of aggressive acts is concerned.
