ABSTRACT
Wecanintroducethemostbasicsourceofindiscemibilitywithan illustration.LetLbethefirst-orderlanguagewhoseextralogicalsymbols areanindividualconstant,c,aone-placepredicate,P,andaone-place function-symbol,fLetJf.betheL-structurewhoseuniverseisthesetA ={a,~,y},andsuchthatc.!'!.=a,P.!'!.={a,~}andf.!'!.={(a,y),(y,y),(~, a)}.WecanrepresentJf.withthediagraminFigure18.
