ABSTRACT
The impression of good cheer and tranquillity that permeates Dutch painting is also not a reflection of the actual state of affairs either domestically or internationally. A truce with Spain in 1609 marked to all practical purposes the birth of the Dutch Republic. It was headed by a Stadholder who was appointed by the States of the Provinces, Prince Maurits of Orange. The new nation's unprecedented political and social patterns, relative toleration of religious and other differences, striking economic strength, and great flow of art give the impression of a stable and unified society. In fact the genesis of the nation had been chancy and convoluted, and the United Provinces continued to be decentralized and relatively heterogeneous as an independent state. Fittingly, a Dutch painter, Gerard ter Borch, was present to make a visual record of the ceremony sealing the peace pact.
