ABSTRACT

The rationalist and the skeptic hold two different worldviews. In between the two is the matter of voice. Persons who are dissatisfied with organizations can either leave them or voice their dissatisfaction with them. ‘Entry-and-exit’ and ‘loyalty-service-and-benefit’ are two fundamental images of society. The normally understated Weber almost shouts his astonishment that in England ‘administration by justices of the peace reduced all local administration bodies outside the cities almost to insignificance’. Exit, loyalty, and voice can all be understood as different kinds of political arithmetic. Politicians, by virtue of what they do and irrespective of whatever nominal beliefs they may have, tend in practice to be organizational-loyalists. Each of the major political parties committed to respect the Referendum result during the 2017 British elections – and then their parliamentarians promptly ignored those commitments and repeatedly voted in 2018 and 2019 to dodge any kind of lucid unambiguous exit from the European Union.