ABSTRACT
Beyond Benjamin, the profound divergence between political theology and capitalism as a religion lies in the fact that the “political” left the anthropological question open, insofar as it exposes citizens to direct power, taking on the problematic human nature and replicating transcendence in secular forms. The post-political immanentism of deployed capitalism claims to close it once and for all. Nietzsche believed that the substitution of the “political” for the theological through modern political theology would open the way to the elimination of the “political”. Foucault was among the first to grasp the political rather than purely technical nature of neoliberalism. The fact that the activity of governing is established in the Modern era within sovereignty and within legitimacy in general clarifies the scope of biopolitics: the government and micro-powers do not set out an alternative paradigm but an integration of the modern legal one, encompassing it and making it heuristically more expendable.
