ABSTRACT
This chapter revisits some central concepts and summarises the key points of the preceding chapters and highlights some central ethical and policy issues. The chapter discusses the role of a range of actors including states, international organisations, and civil society, and their responsibilities. The chapter discusses arguments supportive and critical of pragmatism in discharging protection responsibilities. The chapter then moves to a discussion of recent trends, including states’ increasingly significant role in humanitarian diplomacy, changes in funding levels, the rise of unilateral targeted sanctions mechanisms, and the influence of cyber. The chapter concludes with a discussion of current crises, the problem of ‘black holes’, and the future of humanitarian protection.
