ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the range of reactions of fundamentalists towards the penetration of Western culture into Muslim-majority states. Generally speaking, it has generated three courses of action among fundamentalists. The first is that of the moderates, that can be labelled critical reception, since they are critical of the West, but at the same time are willing to adopt Western features and political values. The second is that of the militants, that can be labelled “clash of civilizations,” due to the hatred they cultivate and the violent attacks against the West. The third are the conservative moderates, who reject violence but also reject all aspects of Western civilization, and combine the two by opting for peaceful insulation.
