ABSTRACT
Social exchange theory describes relationships as a series of exchanges aimed at balancing rewards—benefits against costs. Social structures are viewed as networks of connected social relations between individuals and/or groups. The fundamental concept of social exchange theory is cost and benefit where, through making comparisons, this drives human behaviour and decision-making. Costs are the negative consequences of a decision such as the amount of time, money and energy required and/or spent, versus the level of/return on investment of achieving a positive outcome. Leadership styles describe the manner and approach of providing direction, through implementing plans and motivating people. Transformational leadership is a theory of leadership where a leader works with teams to identify needed change, whilst creating a vision to guide the change through inspiration and relevant action, in tandem with committed members of a group. Motivation within the workplace is one of the most important topics for both future economic business goals and general well-being.
