ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a general overview of the relationship between anthropology and history and provides an analysis of the different approaches that have emerged from various countries and academic traditions. To understand the artificial partition between anthropology and history, it is necessary to examine not only theoretical questions and the philosophical underpinnings of the different paradigms, but also the relevant political and historical aspects, which have shaped all these diverse approaches. This is by no means a linear history, although these responses can be seen as a dissatisfied reaction to both the dominance of functionalism in the social sciences in the first half of the twentieth century and to the evolutionist paradigm that preceded it. As a running theme, the chapter situates each theory in its production context in order to understand and evaluate the varied approaches. The survey of these theories led us to conclude that, in tandem with the most influential international and hegemonic schools of thought (located in Great Britain, France and the United States), other rich traditions have been developing in the so-called south, as demonstrated by the cases of Mexico, Peru and Brazil presented here.
