ABSTRACT
The bilateral relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the European Union are complex and nuanced. Shireen T. Hunter points out that since the establishment of the European Union, its relations with Iran "have been mostly conducted within the EU framework and in the context of, first, the critical dialogue and, later, the comprehensive dialogue". According to Radoslaw Fiedler, there were three important factors affecting EU-Iran relations at the beginning of the 21st century. The EU-Iran relations further deteriorated when the EU imposed economic sanctions on Iran in 2012. The European Union remains committed to support the full and effective implementation of the agreement, including to make sure that the lifting of nuclear related sanctions has a positive impact on trade and economic relations with Iran, including benefits for the Iranian people. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action agreement and its implementation improved political relations between the EU and Iran.
