ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses oral, written, electronic and non-verbal communication. Within an organisation, different resources are used to communicate. It is usual in certain organisations for staff to send each other memos or phone each other, seeking as little personal contact as possible. People convey much more in their communications with others than what they express in words. Non-verbal communication is for the sender an aid to clarifying the verbal message, to expressing his intentions and feelings or to controlling the relationship with the receiver. Organisations prefer oral communication because of the richness of non-verbal information that can be conveyed and the opportunity to give and receive instant feedback. In organisations, management and employees communicate constantly with each other. Formal communication includes all communication between the management and employees of an organisation that takes place via fixed channels and communication structures.
