ABSTRACT
This chapter covers another legacy of Europe’s revolutions—Agricultural, Industrial, and French—the rise of urbanization and its effect on European thought. In short, from the mid-nineteenth century onward, cities as giant agglomerations of people became the fundamental intellectual spaces for thought, imbuing European traditions with not only diversity but also a good dose of radicalism. It discusses, among others, Jules Michelet (1798–1874), Adam Mickiewicz (1798–1855), John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), Eduard Mörike (1804–1875), George Sand (1804–1876), and Mary Wollstonecraft (1759–1797).
