ABSTRACT
The pushes propelling organizations and their leaders toward change come from the outside and/or the inside. Organizations change for many reasons, but what is important is to always be ready for changes that might be desired or forced. “Legal” pressures are another outside force affecting a company. “Geopolitical” pressures are one more outside force. By means of geopolitics, a one country-based model is often discovered to be not good enough for a company with global aspirations. “Reputational” pressures are yet one more outside pressure. In this regard, an organization is compelled to renew a damaged image after a scandal or because unethical activities or hidden quality control problems have come to light. “Identity” pressures are another aspect of internal drives for change. Companies that are low on identity often re-invent themselves to build up business. In the real world, “redesigning” implies using the designer’s sensibility.
