ABSTRACT
This chapter presents an in-depth case study of the Birmingham context for energy transitions, investigating the implications of local contextual characteristics for emerging governance networks and their role in low-carbon energy transitions. The analysis of the context is based on three key change factors which have been linked to influencing the move towards network forms of governance in addition to hierarchies and markets. First, the dispersion of powers, authority and resources in energy systems governance (societal and organisational fragmentation). Second, the locally perceived complexity of energy transitions (complexity in contemporary decision-making). Third, the development of the sustainability agenda over time (new societal dynamics related to a shift from ‘government’ to ‘governance’). The change factors highlight various processes that weaken the position of City Council bodies within the network resulting in a polycentric network structure characterised by high levels of integration and a lack of network-internal hierarchical relationships. In turn this reduces the potential for the Council to assume a steering role in the local governance of energy transitions, contributing to a lack of direction for low-carbon development and credibility for low-carbon ambitions. Consequently, implementation and delivery are lagging behind the ambitions ‘on paper’.
