ABSTRACT
The Chicago Convention establishes that civil aviation is to be used for peaceful purposes only and that States are prohibited from using weapons against civil aircraft in flight. Criminal acts within the aviation industry can range from drug smuggling or human trafficking to unruly behavior on an aircraft. As passenger confidence depends on a secure aviation system, and this confidence directly impacts the economic success of the industry, the international community collaborates to create, implement, and enforce security measures. Investments into aviation security are not made arbitrarily— they are determined based on an assessment of risk. Aviation security is a collaborative process that requires the involvement of civil aviation authorities (CAAs), airport and aircraft operators, law enforcement agencies, customs and immigration authorities, and air traffic service providers, among others. In the 1960s, it became common for criminals to be harbored and protected by their home countries; many were never brought to justice.
