ABSTRACT
Secularization as a process can by itself give rise to new ways of being religious. It is evident that if religion is robbed of its exterior forms, it allows in the end new ways of living the experience of the sacred precisely because the rules of the game change. By comparing optimistic rationalism, Marxism, and existentialism, Martin reached the conclusion that the concept of secularization was subject to many ideological biases that led to superficial generalizations. Martin has contested the Utopian uses of secularization and stated the necessity of its correct use on the basis of classical sociological thinking from Durkheim to Parsons, from Weber to Berger. The relationship between religion and society presents itself as crucial when dealing with secularization. In Bryan Wilson's view, secularization is not only a change in society, but also a change of society in its basic organization. Franco Ferrarotti has analyzed the contemporary dynamics of secularization.
