ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the conflict between partisan action and the public interest. The idea of loyalty is familiar from common sense morality. It is the universally endorsed notion that people do and should enjoy special relationships which impose particular obligations. Situations with a potential for generating the loyalty paradox are not rare in planning practice. One important aspect distinguishing the modes of planning is the recommended kind of relationship between the planner and her client, or more specifically, the local citizens directly affected by the plan. The chapter provides a transport-related example which spells out in some detail how the logic of the impossibility of Paretian advocacy planning works. Advocacy involves the use of strategies for justifying a particular case and for rebutting the critics of the case. A partisan point of view entails the invention of reasons for possessing attitudes, as well as the formulation of escaping excuses.
