ABSTRACT
As a universal phenomenon, capitalism has existed within the different large cultural spheres, including the Occident and Asia, as well as within the various historical periods: the Ancient times, the colonial times, period of globalisation and so on. As far as the economic documents indicate, one finds within all the civilisations of the world one form of capitalism or another. Islam has known various forms of capitalism. With trade, the Muslim civilisation experienced the phenomenon of commandia, which is a form of transaction of goods where each party retains a quota of the profits. As a social category, the bourgeoisie designates a group which disposes of the privilege to preoccupy itself with commerce and industry, thus comprising both the small and the big bourgeoisie, entrepreneurs, merchants and craftsmen. The Islamic city was structured around the Mosque, which was the Agora of Islam or the place for “religious-political discussion recognised by convention”.
