ABSTRACT
There are different waves of fundamentalism in Islam, which may be related to what Rapaport has described in the history of terrorism (Rapaport, 2001: 419–424). The new terrorist network saturates Islam in establishing the “big vehicle” between the warmongering of the radicals and the conservation of Islam, for which the intellectuals of the nineteenth century emerged, thus closing the circle. Al-Qaeda is different from the Islamic version of the damned of the earth, a gang of mustazifin, the deprived waiting for glory, even if social Träger is not homogeneous and often disconnected from social roots. The emergence of Muslim terrorism at the end of the twentieth century has placed first and foremost Muslim civilisation under the formidable threat of retardation in relation to other civilisations.
