ABSTRACT
Franklin Henry Giddings, for instance, proposed several types of groups: ‘natural society,’ ‘integral society,’ ‘component society,’ ‘constituent society,’ ‘social group,’ ‘multitude,’ and ‘societal group.’ Social composition is organization established on the basis of similar or like units, whereas social constitution is organization predicated on the foundation of dissimilar or unlike units. Organization by social composition entails the creation of larger social entities from the combination, addition, or aggregation of similar or like groups. By contrast, the parts or units in the social constitution are interdependent rather than independent. Organization by social constitution entails addition, aggregation or combination of groups, each of which is unlike others, has become specialized and differentiated, and provides a distinctive contribution to the whole within a division of labor. At best, organization by social constitution among primitive or nonliterate societies is rudimentary, incomplete, and subordinate to social composition.
