ABSTRACT

The conclusion focuses on the long sociohistorical processes of making place and people in Copenhagen North West from the late 19th century through today. I argue that the symbolic constructions of solidarity, equality, and honour, which once dominated the official symbolism of the working-class neighbourhood, are now being replaced by neoliberal constructions of the good citizen that go hand in hand with the social and symbolic polarisation of the city. The conclusion also argues that the remaking of the welfare state and the pedagogisation of urban marginality are contributing to and even reinforcing new social divisions and subjective experiences of place as welfare agencies ambivalently strive to ‘elevate the pitiful’. Finally, the conclusion argues that the current urban policies are creating increasing inequality and pushing the people who used to live in this area out of the city.