ABSTRACT
The structure and function of hormones (the lipid-based hormones called steroids and the protein-based hormones) and their receptors are introduced. How hormones work by binding to cellular receptors and activating genes is explained. The concept of target tissues is explained. The endocrine system is discussed along with the individual endocrine glands (pituitary, thyroid, adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla), and their products are examined in relation to normal mental health. How these adversely affect the brain through various hormonal disorders, such as Cushing syndrome, hypothyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, adrenogenitalism and Addison disease, is discussed. The sex hormones – testosterone and oestrogen – are introduced and discussed.
