This chapter reviews existing scholarship on anti-nuclear movements in the Indian context. It highlights the various aspects of India-based anti-nuclear movements that have been covered in current literature: the emergence of these movements from sections of the populace that perceived themselves to be adversely impacted by nuclear infrastructure; their interactions with the Indian state and the larger society; and their general trajectory. The chapter goes on to highlight key shortcomings: the studies are largely empirical in nature – there is little attempt at theorising the movements or their larger impact. In doing so, the chapter highlights the contribution of the present book, which seeks to provide a theorisation of the impact of anti-nuclear movements within the Indian context through an empirical study of three such movements.