ABSTRACT
The theory of evolution appeals to notions of change and development, which have been explained by phenomena of regularity or cyclicity. It is important to examine different stages of evolution to understand how retail has become what it is today. Authors have identified a set of specific environmental factors that appear to be related to the development of retail trade and established how retail was affected. There are two distinct types of conceptualization of the evolutionary models of food retail systems. There are: the “stage”-type assumptions and cycle assumptions. Available retail formats meet consumer needs and continue to evolve as communications technology advances. Several sales formats have been the result of each stage of the retail disruption. Retailers increasingly depend on the success of new offline and online retail formats and their innovations in support and organization at the strategic and operational levels to secure competitive advantages and drive future growth.
