ABSTRACT
The chapter introduces the core components of reading instruction and how the artistry of teachers in combination with the sciences of reading are necessary for effective reading instruction. The chapter (and all subsequent chapters) addresses four different grade spans (PK-2, 3–5, 6–8, 9–12) by highlighting the research behind the core components of phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. The chapter provides effective instructional strategies and practices for each grade span and concludes with monitoring tools that allow you to ask questions, conduct observations, survey students, and review documents.
