ABSTRACT
The disorderly Rousseau is a philosophic writer; Marx, from this point of view, is only a controversialist. The counterpart, by antithesis, of this prejudice on the part of those entrenched in the past is the religious belief frequent among Socialists and Communists in the verbal infallibility of the gospel revealed to Marx and written down by him. In the general philosophy of the economic interpretation of history Kautskyh ignored the factor of the psychological and biological inheritance of the human race. The hope of the more simple-minded Communist has been that, when the wealthy were deprived of their privileges and the means of production were under social control, or even the product distributed equally, the power of class over class would end. Men desire power to preserve their bodies against enemies, to preserve their freedom of bodily movement, and to preserve their freedom to gratify their tastes, including vanity and the wish for the upper position.
