ABSTRACT
Chapter 8 offers in-depth analysis of different learning and teaching spaces and provides detailed, concrete methods for both F2F and distance learning contexts for fostering learner engagement and motivational immediacy. There are strengths and weaknesses for each of these contexts, and this chapter provides a clear set of factors to consider when determining which type of instruction will be provided for any given topic and purpose, and which methods to use in each. This chapter begins by discussing the differences between online and face-to-face training, and the factors that potentially go into the decision to choose one over the other. Following this, a number of different aspects of classroom teaching are addressed in light of the motivational immediacy construct.
