ABSTRACT
This chapter presents several examples of published research that used an independent samples t-test. Authors examined if there were average differences in learning outcomes between students who provided written explanations versus students who provided oral explanations to fellow students on a text that described combustion engines. The researchers were interested in determining: The authors hypothesized the following related to conceptual knowledge:The authors hypothesized the following related to transfer knowledge: There were two hypotheses that the researcher tested: conceptual knowledge and transfer of procedural knowledge. The authors examined how those one-word differences in the essay might be related to differences in ratings of the fictitious applicant's essay. The authors hypothesized the following related to ratings of fit: The authors hypothesized the following related to ratings of preparedness:Notice that these hypotheses are one-tailed.
