ABSTRACT
Governments design their apparatus to ensure efficiency and transparency for equitable and responsible public services. The scope of public services is extensive and it covers all systems levels. These include, national and domestic security, critical infrastructure, education, health, housing and welfare services, community centres, etc. To offer predictable, reliable and transparent services, laws, rules, regulations and protocols are some of the policy instruments in place. Applying Standard responses to complex problems is current practice: establish priorities, create working groups, project groups and, or special programmes, hire external consultants, etc. Multiple publications on complex and persistent challenges in the public sector point out the growing demand for policy innovation. Civil servants traditionally have power and influence in decisions regarding issue of permits, tenders, designing plans for public spaces, etc. The European Commission, often a champion of citizen rights and well-being, succumbed to pressures of big corporations in various instances.
