ABSTRACT
In spite of changing the Indian Penal Code and also the entire legal system, the British administration could not rule the dynasty peacefully. There was a significant gap between the criminal law on paper and the types of criminal activities in society. Several types of crimes were reported which shattered the British administration to a great extent. For the scientific detection of crime, between 1849 and 1930, British rulers created different forensic institutions. Since the mid-19th to early 20th century, British administration initiated different expertise, like chemical examination, anthropometry, finger printing, explosive detection, serology, handwriting, footprint, forgery, and ballistics, for crime identification. This not only assisted the imperial rulers in preventing false witness in the courtroom but also helped them to establish scientific certainty for justice. Scientific reports produced by these forensic institutions provided judicial support to the neighbouring states and union territories also. Finally, the chapter unveils the structured colonial supremacy which expanded scientific certainty in the Indian subcontinent for truth and justice.
