ABSTRACT
This chapter addresses anthropological framings of genocide, focusing also on the work of forensic anthropologists. Yet the genocide was not only more modern in chronological terms; it was carried out by men and women armed with little more than guns and traditional agricultural implements. Ethnicity is arguably the dominant ideological impetus to conflict and genocide worldwide. This often carries explosive consequences for intercommunal violence, including genocide, as the authors have had numerous opportunities to the witness. They assume a practical force in individual and group psychology, societal structure, and political behavior that is impossible to ignore, least of all by those seeking to understand and confront genocide and other mass violence. Rwanda in 1994 is the best example of democratization helping to spawn genocide against a relatively prosperous minority.
