ABSTRACT

An occurrence was counted as an incident of protest if it involved uninstitutionalized political expression, especially taking to the streets or disrupting places of learning, worship, production, or political assembly. Initially, it was expected that for the most part, the incidents would take the form of demonstrations in the narrow sense of organized marches down the street, similar to the way in which the anti-war, civil rights, and poor people expressed themselves. Webster defines a demonstration as “the act of making known or evident by visible or tangible means.,” “a public display of group feeling.” Demonstrations, thus, do not necessarily entail a march but are rather public acts designed to call attention to or express a position. Demonstrations, thus, do not necessarily entail a march but are rather public acts designed to call attention to or express a position.