ABSTRACT
This chapter continues discussion of systems of psychology that emerged after Wundt’s voluntarism. Students will learn the characteristics of systems of psychology and competing worldviews that dominated psychological sciences from its conception into the 1950s. The first is structuralism, a system promoted by Edward Bradford Titchener. Titchener and his students, including Margaret Floy Washburn, Christine Ladd-Franklin, and others, shaped much of early psychology. Additional systems of psychology include Franz Brentano’s Act Psychology and Oswald Külpe’s experimental psychology. The chapter also examines contributions from other scholars, including Carl Stumpf, George Elias Müller, and Hermann Ebbinghaus, who shaped emerging psychology in Europe and the United States.
