ABSTRACT
This chapter examines a series of topical areas that have emerged since the 1950s, when comprehensive systems lost their hold on psychological science. The chapter opens with recent developments in learning theory, particularly from Harry Harlow and Martin Seligman. The work then examines cognitive psychology, including intellectual traditions, content areas, and appraisal of these areas of psychology. The chapter then presents a history of clinical psychology, particularly the ways clinical psychologists organized, established training models, and shaped the larger field. This review includes examination of work by luminaries such as Aaron T. Beck, Albert Ellis, and Marsha Linehan. Next, the chapter examines biopsychology before turning to social psychology. The review of social psychology includes recent historical developments related to well-known studies such as Stanley Milgram’s obedience studies and the Stanford Prison Experiment. The chapter concludes with the history of industrial-organizational psychology.
