ABSTRACT
While the myth of the Jewish conspiracy against the Christian world regained momentum, for all of the 19th century up to the present, anti-Judaism proved to be one of the main emblems of the counter-revolutionary restoration and a means in the fight against modernity. But what is the relationship between traditional anti-Judaism and 19th–20th-century antisemitism? The most recent historiography has questioned the clear distinction that has been traditionally postulated between anti-Judaism of a Christian theological matrix and the biological and racial stamp of antisemitism.
