ABSTRACT
In Civilization: Its Cause and Cure, Mr. Edward Carpenter contrasts the health, vigour, and immunity from disease of the barbarian with the unhealthiness of civilized man, pointing out, incidentally, that the growth of the number of doctors in our society is not indicative of the increase of health, but of disease. The immediate effect of machine production was to increase enormously the number of commercial travelers, shopkeepers, and middlemen of various kinds. Throughout the nineteenth century such people who constituted the middle class became very prosperous, for a large proportion of the increased wealth of the community found its way into their hands. Everybody knows that the law to-day does not secure justice. Yet it is only the philosopher who understands that a codified law is incompatible with justice. In England to-day, as in Rome, the idea is that if the law is to be administered impartially it must be administered impersonally.
