ABSTRACT

This chapter will include an extensive analysis of the liability issues with respect to unmanned ship operations.

In order to reach proper conclusions, comparative presentations on the liability regimes of carriage of goods by sea, land, rail, and air are offered, both when discussing the nature of liability as well as the limitation of liability.

It is submitted that the proper legal nature of the liability in unmanned ship operations ought to be a strict, but limited, liability, supported by compulsory insurance and direct action against the insurer. This proposition is presented with justifying grounds.

The legal relations between the parties involved in unmanned ship operations is analysed and most importantly who should be held liable in cases of damages is discussed, taking into account different probabilities with respect to ownership on a control centre.