ABSTRACT
This chapter includes three sections: globalization, global English, and translanguaging. In the first section, I articulate the idea of globalization as converging means and diverging ends based on the neo-institutionalist theory in sociology, highlighting the critical roles of international organizations and implicit social and cultural norms in shaping a world culture. The second section discusses the global spread of English and the theories that explain the phenomenon: World Englishes (WE), English as a lingua franca (ELF), and English as an international language (EIL). I focus on the merits and problems of global English and its potential implications for English education worldwide. The last section presents the concept of translanguaging, in which language is perceived and utilized as semiotic resources.
