ABSTRACT
A new awareness of Scottish national interests was fostered by English indifference to the political claims, and by its hostility to the economic competition, of Scotland. The new royal line was to conform to the Church of England; to leave England, Scotland and Ireland only with parliamentary consent; to have officials of English parentage; and to be allowed the use of English forces in defence of continental possessions only upon parliamentary approval. The poverty of Scotland compared to England was accentuated in the seventeenth century, and by 1690 the Scots were desperately aware that their future depended upon the opening of new markets for their manufactures. The Union was finally accepted in Scotland because the church, secured by an Act of Parliament which became an integral part of the Treaty of Union, ceased its active resistance and forbore to press more than its minimum claims.
