ABSTRACT
A ‘pure’ diagnosis of ASD (that is, just a single diagnosis of ASD) is the exception rather than the norm. Most individuals with ASD have other psychiatric co-morbidities. The most common co-morbidities found in individuals with ASD include: depression, anxiety and other neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Studies have identified significantly increased rates of all major psychiatric disorders in adults with ASD. Co-morbid psychiatric disorders (e.g., psychotic, personality, substance abuse) may elevate the risk in individuals with ASD of violent behaviour. It is crucial that the existence of any co-occurring psychiatric disorders in individuals with ASD are recognised and identified as early as possible when they become involved in the criminal justice system. The role that these co-occurring psychiatric disorders have in contributing to offending behaviour can be significant. In this chapter, some of the common co-occurring psychiatric disorders in individuals with ASD will be explored. The importance of considering these co-occurring psychiatric disorders in individuals with ASD who are involved in the criminal justice system will be discussed first.
