ABSTRACT
The view that relations between States are non-moral is a corollary of the view the people have rejected, that the State is the ultimate moral authority, and need not further concern the reader. International morality therefore means either the morality of citizens of one State in their relations with citizens of other States or the morality of the government of one State in relation to governments and citizens of other States. As between citizens of different States, in their direct relations with each other, there are no moral principles differing from those holding between citizens of the same State, save that membership of the same State gives priority to the claims of fellow-members. For such treatment would involve either that States were above morality and in a Hobbistic state of war with each other in which self-interest was the guiding principle; or else that they were bound by the same moral principles as individuals are.
