ABSTRACT
Chapter 3 is the first of two chapters containing case studies of the implementation of a complete TOS cycle by teachers. In this chapter readers will see how a TOS instructional cycle can be adapted to a kindergarten setting and to an ELL pull-out program with second grade students. The chapter begins with the teachers’ reflection about their own cultural background and how that has impinged on their instructional philosophies. Subsequently, the implementation of each TOS component is presented in a way to show the reader how each component can be adapted to reflect the developmental levels within and across each classroom. The chapter ends with a commentary by the authors and questions for reflection.
