ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on empirical and theoretical probability with a secondary emphasis on statistical significance. Advanced statisticians and probability experts can often predict whether statistical significance was reached with great accuracy because of their familiarity with data sets, although occasionally formal statistical procedures must be run. The objective is for problem solvers to compare the empirical probability to the theoretical probability. As with all Model-Eliciting Activities (MEAs), facilitators should not give away important information in the solution process. They should serve as metacognitive coaches in responding to student questions. Problem solvers should be reminded that MEAs such as this one can be very powerful in helping learners externalize their thinking. In the MEA, the concepts of theoretical and empirical probability were used for groups to compare.
