ABSTRACT

For most people, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a lifelong condition and requires vigilance about treatment. A longitudinal research study from Barkley and Fischer followed up on a number of lifestyle and health factors, such as tobacco and alcohol use, of people who had been diagnosed with ADHD combined type as children in the late 1970s. ADHD medications increase dopamine in the brain by a variety of mechanisms. Some medications also increase norepinephrine but to a lesser degree. Both of these neurotransmitters occur naturally in the brain; the medications increase the naturally occurring substances. If a medication trial is successful, nearly all side effects can be managed. Many children will experience some reduction in appetite, difficulty falling asleep, and mood changes with stimulants. ADHD medications have been shown to protect teens from substance abuse. Medications can also reduce potential harm from accidents in driving, reckless behavior, or poor decision making.